Lecith-albumin compound and process of making the same.



timrnp STATES RUDOLF ADLER, 0E AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, ASSIGNOR TONAAMLOOZE VEN- NOOTSCHAP ALGEMEENE UITVINDING EXPLOITATIE MAATSCHAPPIJ',0F AMSTER- DEAM, NETHERLANDS, A FIRM.

LECITH-ALBUMIN COMPOUND AND PROCESS or MAKING THE SAME:

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern A Be it known that I, RUnoLr ADLE'IL' achemist and doctor of philosophy, a subject of the Emperor ofAustria-Hungary, and a resident of 245-247 Haarlemmerweg, in the city ofAmsterdam, Netherlands, have invented a certain new and usefulLecith-Albumin Compound and Process of Making the Same from Fish andother Sea and Sweet ater Animals, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to a new 'lecith-albumin compound and process ofmaking the same from aqueous extracts of freshwater as well as sea waterfishes. Albumin compounds which contain lecithin, have already beenobtained from fish, and in particular from the spawn, Hammersteen havingused the eggs of the perch, Levene those of the. haddock and Valter carpeggs.

Now it has been ascertained that the ex tract from the entire body ofthe fish with the exception of the intestines contains lecit-h-albumincompounds which are also found in animal cellular tissue. The extractionof the fish' which is preferably comminuted, is effected in about fivetimes the quantity of water at a moderately hot temperature. The mostfavorable temperature of extraction is between 40 and 50 degreesCentigrade, since, at a lower temperaturethe extraction goes on ratherslowly, while higher temperatures and particularly continued boilingwith water will cause a decomposition of the lecith-albumin compounds.It has also been found to be of ad-- vantage to add a little chloroformand toluol to the liquid while the extraction is going on, as by thisaddition the extracting process is accelerated and any putrefactionotherwise likely to occur, is thus prevented. The

slightly opalescent extract is mixed with a mixture of equal parts ofanimal charcoal and kieselguhr, by which means the mucous substances andany traces of fat which might have been carried into the extract areretained by the absorbent materials. By this means only, it becomespossible to produce a clear filtrate. Sulfurous acid gas is then made topass into the perfectly clear, yellowish filtrate of the extract, or asolution of sulfur dioxid is added until the heavy precipitateoriginally produced has become Specification of Letters Patent.

- perfectly free from salts.

Patented Mar. 25, was.

Application filed February 7, 1912. Serial No. 676,118.

completely redissolved, and only a slight turbidity of mucinoussubstances rei'nains. In order to facilitate the separation of themucous substances which are insoluble from the liquid, a filter pressmay be employed. The amount of sulfurous acid is determined by analysis,and to the perfectly clear filtrate is added the exact amount-of awater-' soluble substance of alkallne reaction suchas carbonate orhydrate of soda or the like, calculated to besufficient to neutralizethe sulfurous acid, any excess of the neutralizing agent being avoided.snow white precipitate is separated by pressure and washed with colddistilled Water,

until the filtrate, if tested with barium chlorid, does not yield anyfurtherprecipitates of barium sulfite, that is to say until the albuminprecipitate has been washed The press cakes The flocculentobtained byfiltration, are then dried at about 50 to 70 degrees centigrade,preferably in vacuo, and may then be ground to a fine powder if desired.

The process may for example be carried out as follows :100 kilograms ofhaddock freed from the intestines are cut into thin slices and are thenextracted at a temperature of 40 to 50 degrees with five hundred litersof water on a reflux condenser for 8 to 10 hours,.in the presence of 250grams of a mixture of equal parts of chloroform and toluol. After thelapse of this time, the extract is drawn off, mixed with 10'kilograms ofa mixture of washed animal charcoal and kieselguhr, and is then passedthrough a filtering press. Into the clear filtrate, sulfurous acid ismade to pass in the manner above described or an aqueous solution ofsulfur dioxid is added; kilograms of kies'dguhr are then added, and thefiltration is repeated. After the neutralizing alkali has been added,the precipitate is separated by filter pressing, washed and dried.' Thesubstance obtained in this manner forms a white powder which isperfectly and clearly soluble in acids and in alkalis. When treated forfive hours in a Soxlet extracting apparatus with a mixture of equalparts of ether and alcohol, 2.5 to 3 per cent. of an oily substance areextracted, which become solidified into a wax-like pronounced yellowmass after having been left to stand for some time. It swells up inwater and from alcoholic and other solution, the mass may be separatedby the addition of acetone. ()n being burned on platinum foil, thesubstance leaves a clear and rapidly solidifying residue of white asheswhich consist mainly of phosphoric acid. On the addition of cadmiumchlorid, the alcoholic solution of the mass produces a voluminousprecipitate. \Vhen the mass is kept in suspension in water and is heatedin this condition for some length of time with barium hydrate solution,the filtrate after the removal of the barium by the addition of platinumchlorid, yields a crystalline, light yellow precipitate. The nativesubstance yields a fiocculent precipitate with Almens reagent, gives theXanthoproteid-reaction, the Biuret reaction and a moderate reaction withMolish reagent.

As appears from the tests hereinbefore mentioned, the substance obtainedby the process described, constitutes a lecith-albumin.

The substances produced accordin to'this process is an exce lentnutritive food preparation which is distinguished from thelecith-albumins, obtained from eggs and from milk, by the fact that itcan be produced at a considerably lower expense, so that it can also beused by those parts of the population, who cannot afford thelecithalbumins of commerce, obtained from eggs or milk, and this factwill moreover make this product, as obtained by my process, particularlyadapted for the clinical treatment of great masses of people and for themedical treatment of the poor, for whom there is still need of a cheaplecithin preparation in consequence of the high price of the rawmaterials heretofore employed.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process ofmanufacturing alecithalbumin compound which consists in extracting fishby warm water at about 40 to degrees Centigrade, mixing and filteringthe extract with a mixture of animal charcoal and kieselguhr and therebyfreeing it from fat and from mucous substances, passing sulfurous acidthrough the filtrate, then filtering off the mucous substances which areinsoluble in sulfurous acid, in the presence of kieselguhr, neutralizingthe sulfu-rous acid by an alkaline substance, separating the ensuingprecipitate, and drying it.

2. Process of manufacturing lecith-albumin substances from fish whichconsists in extracting fish at a moderate temperature with water in thepresence of a mixture of chloroform and t-oluol, separating the fat andmucous substances, and liberating the lecithin substance.

8. As a new article of manufacture, a lecith-albumin compound derivedfrom fish and other sea and sweet water animals, said compound beingfree of niucin and 11llClQlIl and having the following properties: lthas a white color, swells up In water, on being burned leaves ashesconslsting mainly of .phosphoric acid, yields a fiocculent precipitatewith Almens reagent, gives the xanthoproteid-reaction, the Biuretreaction and a moderate reaction with Molish reagents.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

RUDOLF ADLER. Witnesses:

FILL. R-Essnn, FRIEDRICH Harmon).

